Nursing of 17 patients with pregnancy-associated fulminant type 1 diabetes and intrauterine fetal demise / 中华护理杂志

This paper retrospectively summarized and analyzed observation of the disease and nursing care of 17 patients with pregnancy-associated fulminant type 1 diabetes and intrauterine fetal demise.Through timely supplying blood capacity and improving renal perfusion,maintaining blood glucose homeostasis and acid-alkali,potassium balance,safety of the patients was guaranteed;by providing effective psychological nursing,puerperal dietary guidance and discharge guidance,patients' rehabilitation was improved.As a result,16 patients were in stable condition,and dead babies were delivered.Major bleeding event occurred in one patient after delivering the dead baby,and the patient developed shock as well as liver and kidney failure.The patient was transferred to ICU for further treatment and became stable and was discharged after two months.

Nursing care of 23 patients with acromegaly and diabetes mellitus treated by pituitary tumor resection / 中华护理杂志

This paper summarized the perioperative nursing of 23 patients with acromegaly and diabetes mellitus underwent pituitary adenoma resection via nasal transsphenoidal approach.The key points in nursing were:preoperative respiratory monitoring during sleep,psychological care,blood glucose monitoring,respiratory fitness training;postoperative individualized glycemic management,close observation of breathing and nasal congestion,differentiating diabetes insipidus and cerebral salt-wasting syndrome,close monitoring of traits of nasal exudate,to assist patients to get through the perioperative period.As a result of careful treatment and nursing,23 patients were recovered and discharged.

Change of intracellular Caconcentration and related signaling pathway in hippocampal cells after high-intensity sound exposure / 生理学报

High-intensity sound often leads to the dysfunction and impairment of central nervous system (CNS), but the underlying mechanism is unclear. The present study was aimed to investigate the related mechanisms of CNS lesions in Bama miniature pig model treated with high-intensity sound. The pigs with normal hearing were divided into control and high-intensity sound (900 Hz-142 dB SPL, 15 min) groups. After the treatment, hippocampi were collected immediately. Fluo-4 was used to indicate intracellular Caconcentration ([Ca]) change. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of calcium-sensing receptor, L-Cachannel α2/δ1 subunit, PKC and PI3K, respectively. DAPI staining was used to identify nuclear features. The result showed that high-intensity sound exposure resulted in significantly swollen cell nucleus and increased [Ca]in hippocampal cells. Compared with control group, high-intensity sound group showed increased levels of PI3K, PKC and L-Cachannel α2/δ1 subunit mRNA expressions, as well as up-regulated PKC and calcium-sensing receptor protein expressions. These results suggest that the high-intensity sound activates PKC signaling pathway and induces calcium overload, eventually leads to hippocampal injury, which would supply a novel strategy to prevent nervous system from high-intensity sound-induced injury.

Clinical Analysis of Drug-induced Liver Injury Caused by Polygonum multiflorum and its Preparations / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze hepatotoxicity of Polygonum multiflorum and clinical character- istics of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by Polygonum multiflorum and its preparations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was performed in 158 patients treated at 302 Military Hospital between January 2009 and January 2014. All of them had used Polygonum multiflorum and its preparations before the onset of DILI, and their clinical characteristics and prognoses were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 158 DILI patients who used Polygonum multiflorum or its preparations, 92 (58.2%) combined with Western medicine or Chinese herbal preparations without Polygonum multiflorum; 66 patients (41.8%) used Polygonum mult florum and its preparations alone. In 66 DILI patients induced by Polygonum multiflorum or its preparations alone, 51 cases (77.3%) were induced by Polygonum multiflorum compounds and 22.7% by single Po- lygonum multiflorum; 4 cases (6.1%) were caused by crude Polygonum multiflorum and 62 (93.9%) by processed Polygonum multiflorum and its preparations. Clinical injury patterns were hepatocellular 92.4% (61 cases), cholestatic 1.5% (1 case), and mixed 6.1% (4 cases). Pathological examination was per- formed by liver biopsy in 32 cases (48.15%), manifested as hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis, fibroplasia, Kupffer cells with pigment granule, and a large number of eosinophil infiltration, were ob- served. Four patients were developed into liver failure, 4 into cirrhosis, and 1 died.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Polygo- num multiflorum and its preparations could induce DILI, but clinical diagnosis of Polygonum multiflorum induced hepatotoxicity should be cautious.</p>

Causes, Features, and Outcomes of Drug-Induced Liver Injury in 69 Children from China

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a frequent cause of pediatric liver disease; however, the data on DILI are remarkably limited. METHODS: All 69 children hospitalized with DILI between January 2009 and December 2011 were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: A total of 37.7% of the children had medical histories of respiratory infection. The clinical injury patterns were as follows: hepatocellular 89.9%, cholestatic 2.9%, and mixed 7.2%. Liver biopsies from 55 children most frequently demonstrated chronic (47.3%) and acute (27.3%) hepatitis. Hypersensitivity features, namely, fever (31.9%), rash (21.7%), and eosinophilia (1.4%), were found. Twenty-four children (34.8%) developed chronic DILI. Antibiotics (26.1%) were the most common Western medicines (WMs) causing DILI, and the major implicated herbs were Ephedra sinica and Polygonum multiflorum. Compared with WM, the children whose injuries were caused by Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) showed a higher level of total bilirubin (1.4 mg/dL vs 16.6 mg/dL, p=0.004) and a longer prothrombin time (11.8 seconds vs 17.3 seconds, p=0.012), but they exhibited less chronic DILI (2/15 vs 18/39, p=0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of DILI in children are caused by antibiotics or CHM used to treat respiratory infection and present with hepatocellular injury. Compared with WM, CHM is more likely to cause severe liver injury, but liver injury caused by CHM is curable.

Effect of high altitude hypoxia on cognitive flexibility / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of high altitude on cognitive flexibility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Simulated hypoxia at an altitude of 3 600 m was performed in a hypobaric chamber. Twenty-three volunteers without hypoxic experience were selected and the mean age was about 25.1 years. The physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation) were measured. Task switch paradigm was used to explore the cognitive flexibility in each phase, and the changing anxiety state was evaluated simultaneously.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Reaction time (RT) switch cost in hypoxia phase showed a significant increase compared with the baseline; anxiety level in hypoxia phase was higher than the adaptation phase; a remarkable negative correlation between anxiety level and RT switch cost was found in adaptation phase, whereas a positive correlation was found in landing phase.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High altitude (3 600 m) affects cognitive flexibility and anxiety state. Anxiety before the hypoxia exposure improves the cognitive flexibility performance, while anxiety after the hypoxia exposure hampers the performance because of the post-hypoxia effect.</p>

Study on the status and related socio-psychological factors of maternal depression among high-risk pregnancy women in Harbin city / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to investigate the depression status among high-risk pregnancy women, and to analyze its relevant social and psychological factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 42 high-risk pregnancy women and 40 normal pregnancy women in a teaching hospital in Harbin city were followed up at time points of 32 - 36 weeks pregnancy, one week before labor, one week postpartum, and six weeks postpartum, respectively. During follow-up, the basic situation, social psychosocial factors of pregnancy women were collected and the depression of pregnancy women was measured by self-designed questionnaire and self-rating depression scale. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was applied at timepoint of one week postpartum. Single factor analysis and the unconditional multivariate logistic regression were applied for analyzing the on the related social-psychosocial factors among high-risk pregnancy women.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The age of high-risk pregnancy women was (31.0±5.6), and the age of normal pregnancy women was (30.5±3.8) (t=0.169, P>0.05). The results showed that the depression rate in high-risk pregnancy women was 45.2% (19/42), which was 25.0% (10/40) in normal pregnancy women, the difference was significant (χ2=3.671, P=0.045). The depression rates at different time points were 30.9% (13/42), 42.9% (18/42), 23.8% (10/42), 26.2% (11/42) in high-risk pregnancy women respectively, and 25.0% (10/40), 15.0% (6/40), 20.0% (8/40), 17.5% (7/40) in the control group respectively, the difference of the depression rates among groups at one week before labor was significant (χ2=7.680, P<0.01), the difference among groups at 32-36 weeks pregnancy (χ2=0.133, P=0.80), at one week postpartum (χ2=0.174, P=0.79) and at six weeks postpartum (χ2=0.903, P=0.43) were not significant. At one week postpartum and six weeks postpartum periods, the EPDS depression rate were 12.5% (4/32), 30.4% (7/23) in case group respectively, 8.3% (3/36), 22.9% (8/35) in control group respectively, the difference were not significant (χ2=0.319, 0.416, P=0.573, 0.519). There were significantly associations between the depression mood of one week before labor and the depressive symptoms of six weeks postpartum in both groups (r=0.824, 0.677, both P values were <0.05). The risk factors for maternal depression among high-risk pregnancy women were not ready for production (OR=2.73, P<0.01) and fearing of childbirth safety (OR=2.89, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The depression date of high-risk pregnancy was high, especially at the time point one week before labor. Risk factors of maternal depression among high-risk pregnancy were "not ready for production" and "fear of childbirth safety".</p>

Effect of quinacrine on inflammatory reaction of blood system induced by microwave irradiation / 中国实验血液学杂志

This work was aimed to investigate the effect of quinacrine on peripheral granulocytes and lymphocytes, interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in peripheral blood serum of inflammatory reaction induced by microwave irradiation, and observe the protective effect of quinacrine against microwave irradiation injury. BALB/c mice were suffered from microwave irradiation with the total intensity of 50 mW/cm(2) for 30 minutes, at 1 hour before irradiation quinacrine (12.6 mg/kg or 50.4 mg/kg) was orally administrated. Mice received same volume of water for injection instead of quinacrine were named as microwave irradiation group (MR group), and mice received no microwave irradiation but stayed in microwave irradiation environment also for 30 min were set as control. After microwave irradiation, mice were sacrificed and peripheral blood cells were analyzed with cytoanalyzer, and mice serum interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 were detected by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that microwave irradiation increased the count of peripheral granulocytes and lymphocyte along with prolongation of time, while the increase of these cells in mice administrated quinacrine was markedly delayed. The level of IL-1β in serum of mice was significantly increased after 1 day of microwave irradiation (50 mW/cm(2)), and recovered to normal level after 7 days. The 2 concentrations of quinacrine (12.6 mg/kg, 50.4 mg/kg) could suppress level of IL-1β in serum induced by microwave irradiation. The level of IL-6 in serum of mice was gradually increased after microwave irradiation with intensity of 50 mW/cm(2) for 7 days, but quinacrine administration could delay the rise of IL-6 level, specially within time of 2 days. It is concluded that the quinacrine administration can delay the increase of peripheral granulocytes and lymphocytes inducted by microwave irradiation, and may partially suppress the rise of IL-1β and IL-6 in serum. The results of this study suggest that the quinacrine can provide some protective effect against microwave irradiation injury.

Autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation improves hemodynamics dogs with chronic heart failure dogs / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test the effects of autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation on the hemodynamics in dogs with coronary microembolization-induced chronic heart failure (CHF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CHF models were successfully induced in 19 dogs and divided into ASMT group (n=9) and control group (n=10). The myoblasts were injected into the embolized region in the 9 dogs of the ASMT group, and saline was injected in the control dogs, and the hemodynamics of the dogs were evaluated 5 weeks after the injections.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with saline injection, ASMT significantly increased dP/dtmax, MAP and LVSP (P<0.05) and decreased LVEDP (P<0.05) 5 weeks after myoblast transplantation. Desmin and Brd-U immunofluorescent staining showed myoblast survival at the injected sites in the dogs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ASMT provides mild improvements in the hemodynamics of dogs with CHF.</p>

Relationship between computational fluid dynamics simulation and acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry in nasal cavity / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To reconstruct a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of human nasal cavity, and make comparison analysis with acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry. Methods One healthy volunteer was performed CT scanning of nasal cavity, three dimensional CFD model was established by Simplant 10.0 and Gambit 2.3.16, and Fluent 6.3.2 was employed to simulate the airflow of nasal cavity. Acoustic rhinometer was used to assess the area of nasal cavity, rhinomanometry was adopted to measure the airflow and intranasal pressure drop during inspiration, and the results were compared with those obtained from CFD model. Results Cross section area of nasal cavity obtained from CFD model matches well with that measured by acoustic rhinometer within 30 mm distance from nostril, while the latter was larger than the former beyond 50 mm distance from nostril. The trend of intranasal pressure drop at different airflows measured by CFD model was the same as that measured by rhinomanometry, while the transnasal pressure obtained by CFD model was lower than that recorded by rhinomanometry. Conclusion CFD model can accurately simulate the shape of nasal cavity and measure the parameters of intranasal airflow, which helps to understand the airflow characteristics of nasal cavity.

The expressional alterations of CSF-1R after ischemic injury of cerebral cortex / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To observe the expressional alterations of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) after ischemic injury of cerebral cortex, and study the function of colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)/CSF-1R signal during the process of ischemic injury and repair of central nervous system (CNS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We examined the distribution and expression of CSF-1R in normal brain tissues and ischemic brain tissues by immunohistology and Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of CSF-1R in neurons could be up-regulated by ischemic injury in CNS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CSF-1/CSF-1R might take part in the process of ischemic injury and repair.</p>

Quality control of indispensable reagent RBC for ABO typing / 中国实验血液学杂志

The reagent RBC of known blood group is indispensable reagent for detecting antibody in serological identification of ABO blood group. To elevate the accuracy of detection and solve problems for standardization and quality control of prepared reagent RBC, the detection of specificity and affinity of reagent RBC, shaking test, flow cytometry and atomic force microscopy were performed. On the basis of screening and establishing the reagent for quality control, methods for quality inspection and quality control were established. The results indicated that the prepared reagent RBC evaluated in three batches ensured the quality and performance, and decreased the variance between different batches of the products to the utmost. In conclusion, the quality control problems of prepared reagent RBC had been solved and the accuracy of detection for blood types also elevated.

Prophylactic effect of quinacrine against experimental heatstroke / 药学学报

The present study is to assess the prophylactic effect of quinacrine (QA) , an anti-malarial drug, against heatstroke in rats. Conscious rats were orally given equal volume normal saline or QA (dissolved in normal saline and final dosage for rats was 4.5, 9.0 and 18 mg x kg(-1)). An hour later rats were put into a warm water circulated hot chamber (41.0 +/- 0.5) degrees C. Rectal temperature (core temperature, T(co)) of rats in hot chamber was continuously monitored by a thermocouple. T(co) and survival time of rats showed that QA pre-treatment postponed the hyperthermia, and increased the survival time of rats in hot chamber. Primary striatum neurons' culture from new born rats was maintained with D-MEM and 10% FBS. After immuno-cytochemistry identification with antibodies against neural specific proteins, culture received 20 micromol x L(-1) QA only for 1 h and followed by 43.0 degrees C heat treatment for another hour, or 20 micromol x L(-1) QA for 1 h followed by 43.0 degrees C heat treatment for another hour. Control culture received heat treatment only. Cultures were labeled with the fluorescent indicator DPH and the relative membrane fluidity of neurons was measured with the help of fluorescent polarized spectrophotometer. [3H] Arachidonic acid (AA) labeled membrane of E. Coli cells was used as substrate to determine cPLA2 activity of neurons. Gas chromatography and mass spectrum were also employed to detect on the level of fatty acids level in rat striatum neurons. Results from cells indicated that inhibition of cPLA2, reduction the release of active fatty acids such as AA, and possibly, stabilization of the cell membrane which was disturbed by hot treatment, may contribute to the mechanism underlying heat protection and heatstroke preventive effects of quinacrine.

Screening for glutamate-induced and dexamethasone-downregulated epilepsy-related genes in rats by mRNA differential display / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is known that excessive release of glutamate can induce excitotoxicity in neurons and lead to seizure. Dexamethasone has anti-seizure function. The aim of this study was to investigate glutamate-dexamethasone interaction in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, identify differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of glutamate-induced epileptic rats by mRNA differential display, and observe the effects of dexamethasone on these genes expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seizure models were established by injecting 5 microl (250 microg/microl) monosodium glutamate (MSG) into the lateral cerebral ventricle in rats. Dexamethasone (5 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally at 30 minutes after MSG inducing convulsion. The rats' behavior and electroencephalogram (EEG) were then recorded for 1 hour. The effects of dexamethasone on gene expression were observed in MSG-induced epileptic rats at 1 hour and 6 hours after the onset of seizure by mRNA differential display. The differentially expressed genes were confirmed by Dot blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EEG and behaviors showed that MSG did induce seizure, and dexamethasone could clearly alleviate the symptom. mRNA differential display showed that MSG increased the expression of some genes in epileptic rats and dexamethasone could downregulate their expression. From more than 10 differentially expressed cDNA fragments, we identified a 226 bp cDNA fragment that was expressed higher in the hippocampus of epileptic rats than that in the control group. Its expression was reduced after the administration of dexamethasone. Sequence analysis and protein alignment showed that the predicted amino acid sequence of this cDNA fragment kept 43% identity to agmatinase, a member of the ureohydrolase superfamily.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results of the current study suggest that the product of the 226 bp cDNA has a function similar to agmatinase. Dexamethasone might relax alleviate seizure by inhibiting expression of the gene.</p>

Construction of Recombinant Adenovirus Expression Vector of Human Sema4C Gene and Its Expression in Mouse Myoblasts Cell Line C2C12 / 中国生物工程杂志

To generate recombinant adenovirus expression vector of human Sema4C gene and observe its expression in mouse myoblasts cell line C2C12 for ensuring easy access to investigate the role of Sema4C gene during myogenesis. The recombinant plasmid was packaged and amplified after being transfected in HEK293 cells through Lipofectamine. After infecting C2C12 myoblasts with recombinant adenovirus vector, the adenoviral infection efficiency was determined by confocal microscope which showed that the expression of green fluorescence could be detected at 12h and then reached peak at 24h after recombinant adenovirus infection. The infection efficiency was almost 100% confirmed by FACS examination. Detection of WB indicated that the expression of Sema4C in C2C12 of recombinant adenoviral infection group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P

Repair of peripheral nerve gap with the use of tissue engineering scaffold complex / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the feasibility to repair the peripheral nerve gap with tissue engineering scaffold complex that is composed of medical biodegradable material agarose hydrogel and nerve growth factor (NGF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chitosan tube containing agarose hydrogel and NGF was transplanted to bridge a 10 mm gap of injured sciatic nerve in rat. Chitosan duct without agarose hydrogel and NGF was used as negative control, while autograft nerve as positive control. Sixteen weeks after operation, the regeneration of nerve fiber was observed with morphological and immunohistochemistrical methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The number and diameter of regenerating nerve fibers bridged by the scaffold complex of agarose hydrogel and NGF were better than negative control group (P < 0.01) and reached the level of autograft nerve group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The new type of tissue engineering scaffold complex of agarose hydrogel and NGF may provide a microenvironment, as well as autograft nerve, to promote nerve regeneration. This technique may benefit patients with nerve injury in the future.</p>

Intervention effect of tongfei mixture on nocturnal hypoxia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of tongfei mixture (TFM, a Chinese recipe mainly consisted of angelica and rehmannia root) on nocturnal hypoxia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients with COPD of remission phase were randomly divided into 3 groups, 20 in each group. Group A was the control group; Group B, the group simply treated with oxygen; Group C, treated with oxygen and TFM. Changes of pulmonary function, diaphragm muscle mobility (DMM), 6 min walk distance (6MWD), morning arterial blood gas, nocturnal lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2), mean blood oxygen saturation (MSaO2), the percentage of saturation lower than 90% time account for total sleeping time (SLT90%) and ultrasonocardiogram before and after treatment were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Levels of LSaO2, MSaO2 and SLT90% in Groups B and C were significantly higher than those in Group A (P<0.05, P<0.01). The lowering of PaCO2 in Group C was more significant than that in Group B (P<0.05). The mPAP level in Group C was lower, FEV1, 6MWD and DMM were improved than those in Group A and B, showing significant difference (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined use of oxygen therapy and TFM could not only improve the nocturnal hypoxia, but also lower PaCO2. TFM is an important supplement of oxygen therapy.</p>

Protective effect of Quinacrine on striatum neurons from heat treatment injury / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the protective effect of Quinacrine(QA) on rat striatum neurons from the injury caused by heat environment treatment, to probe the relationship between cell membrane injury and cellular injury protection, and to seek the possibility of QA as a preventive agent to heat injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary cultured striatum neurons from newborn rats were pretreated with QA at different concentration for 1 h, and then heat-treated at 43 degrees C for another 1 h. Cell necrosis was detected by Trypan blue staining, and apoptosis was evaluated through Activated Caspase-3 dye and TdT dye.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Heat treatment effected the survival of striatum neurons and resulted in great number of cell death, which was mainly mediated by cell necrosis process. It was shown that treatment of QA itself had little effect on the survival of striatum neurons, while QA pretreatment decreased cellular necrosis caused by following heat treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QA protects striatum neurons from heat environment injury at about 20 pmol/L, and the protection may mediated by reduction of necrosis.</p>

Exogenous rhCNTF inhibits myoblast differentiation of skeletal muscle of adult human in vitro / 生理学报

To determine the role of recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor (rhCNTF) in myogenesis, we observed the effects of rhCNTF (0 10 ng/ml) on myoblast differentiation of adult human in vitro. The results showed that compared with the control group, the groups of 2.5 10 ng/ml rhCNTF treatment significantly inhibited myoblast differentiation (P<0.01), and the inhibition was dose-dependent and reversible. Western blots also indicated that compared with the control group, the expression of myogenin and p21, markers of myoblast differentiation phase, was significantly reduced (P<0.01), while Myf5 and desmin, markers of myoblast proliferative phase, significantly increased (P<0.01) in the groups of 2.5 10 ng/ml rhCNTF treatment. These findings demonstrate that exogenous rhCNTF can reversibly inhibit differentiation but permits proliferation of adult human myoblasts in vitro.

Effects of bupivacaine and hyaluronidase on the proliferation of muscle satellite cells in adult rats in vivo / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>To study the effects of Bupivacaine and hyaluronidase on the proliferation of adult rat muscle satellite cells in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, electron micrograph were used.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There are few rare desmin positive satellite cells lie in the myofibers of control group and Sterile saline group which are still continual. MMD of control and Sterile saline group is 0.66% +/- 0.57% and 2.48% +/- 1.13% respectively. Sterile saline group has no significant difference than that of the control (P > 0.05). (2) The myofibers of hyaluronidase group are basically continual. The number of desmin positive satellite cells are increased. MMD of Hyaluronidase is 2.52% +/- 1.41% which has no remarkable difference than that of the Sterile saline (P > 0.05). (3) Plentiful necrosis and degeneration myofibers can been seen in Bupivacaine group and Hyaluronidase + Bupivacaine group coinciding with the activation and proliferation of muscle satellite cells. The number of Desmin positive satellite cells are increased significantly and some of which have formed myotubes. MMD of Bupivacaine and Hyaluronidase + Bupivacaine is 19.01% +/- 4.74% and 22.41% +/- 7.64% respectively which have significant change than that of Sterile saline (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The local anaesthetic Bupivacaine can induce the significant proliferation of myoblasts and the formation of myotubes in vivo. Hyaluronidase has no significant effect on the proliferation of satellite cells in vivo under this experimental condition.</p>